Understanding Phobias
What is a phobia?
A phobia can be described as an intense, sometimes irrational and persistent fear of a specific situation, object, environment or activity. Phobias are categorised as an anxiety disorder and usually result in a significant amount of avoidance that can interfere with your daily life.
Different types of phobias
1. Specific Phobias
- Natural Environments – e.g. fear of heights, confined spaces, water
- Situational – e.g. fear of flying, driving, travelling in elevators
- Blood-Injection-Injury – e.g. fear of needles, blood, medical procedures
- Animals – e.g. fear of spiders, snakes, dogs
2. Social Phobias
- Also known as Social Anxiety disorder, this type of phobia can involve a fear of social situations and interactions that are centered around the fear of public embarrassment or rejection.
- This can include public speaking, meeting new people or being the centre of attention.
3. Agoraphobia
- A fear of situations where escape or exit is perceived to be difficult.
- This could be linked to fears of having a panic attack, fears of being trapped or fears of embarrassment.
- Common examples include crowded places, being outside the home alone, or traveling on public transport.
Treatment of phobias
Cognitive Behavioural Therapy (CBT) in combination with exposure therapy techniques is often recommended as the first-line treatment for addressing phobias. As an evidence-based approach, CBT can help individuals gain better control over their responses to the situations that trigger their anxiety, whilst increasing tolerance to fear and reinforcing rational thinking. The specific treatment approach can vary depending on an individual’s needs and response to treatment. Our therapists will work with you to develop a personalised treatment plan.
Frequently Asked Questions (FAQs) About Phobias
What symptoms might I experience if I have a phobia?
A phobia can cause a sudden onset of overwhelming fear and panic, coupled with a strong urge to escape or avoid the situation. You may find that you cannot focus or concentrate on anything else in the presence of what you fear.
Common symptoms associated with having a phobia are similar to those experienced with other anxiety disorders, including but not limited to:
- Elevated heart rate (palpitations)
- Difficulty breathing
- Muscle tension
- Nausea
- Dizziness
- Trembling, shaking
- Blurred vision
- Sweating
When should I seek treatment for a phobia?
Seeking support may be necessary if you are finding that you have to plan a large part of your day or routine around avoiding the phobia itself or things that are associated with the phobia (phobia triggers). Therapy may also be necessary if you’ve been struggling with anxiety-related symptoms to the extent that they are having a significant impact on your life.
